Education Policy in India
- University Education Commission (1948-49)
The University Education Commission, led by Dr. S. Radhakrishnan, focused on improving university education. Recommendations included establishing universities in major regions of India and emphasizing research and quality education. - Secondary Education Commission (1952-53)
This commission aimed to reform secondary education, emphasizing vocational training and student-centered learning. - Education Commission (1964-66) under Dr. D.S. Kothari
The Kothari Commission’s report, “Education and National Development,” highlighted the importance of scientific and technical education, internal efficiency, and productivity in education. - National Policy on Education (NPE), 1968
The first NPE emphasized equal opportunities, national integration, and scientific research. It aimed to provide free and compulsory education to children up to 14 years old. - 42nd Constitutional Amendment (1976)
Education became a concurrent list subject, allowing both central and state governments to legislate on education. - National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986
The NPE 1986 focused on¹:
- Equal access to education for all
- Promoting vocational education
- Improving quality and standards
- Emphasizing science and technology
- NPE 1986 Modified in 1992 (Program of Action, 1992)
The modification aimed to implement the policy more effectively, focusing on decentralization and community participation. - T.S.R. Subramaniam Committee Report (2016)
This committee reviewed the implementation of the Right to Education Act and suggested improvements. - Dr. K. Kasturirangan Committee Report (2019)
The committee drafted the New Education Policy 2020, focusing on transforming India’s education system. - New Education Policy (NEP) 2020
Key features include:
- Transforming education system by 2040
- Universal access to quality education
- Emphasis on vocational education and skill development
- Focus on digital education and technology integration
- Written by pooja Singh.